San Juan is also a principal city of the San Juan-Caguas-Fajardo Combined Statistical Area. The population of the Metropolitan Statistical Area, including San Juan and the municipalities of Bayamón, Guaynabo, Cataño, Canóvanas, Caguas, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Carolina and Trujillo Alto, is about 2.443 million inhabitants thus, about 76% of the population of Puerto Rico now lives and works in this area. Today, San Juan is Puerto Rico's most important seaport and is the island's financial, cultural, and tourism center. Several historical buildings are located in San Juan among the most notable are the city's former defensive forts, Fort San Felipe del Morro and Fort San Cristóbal, and La Fortaleza, the oldest executive mansion in continuous use in the Americas. Puerto Rico's capital is the third oldest European-established capital city in the Americas, after Santo Domingo, in the Dominican Republic, founded in 1496, and Panama City, in Panama, founded in 1521, and is the oldest European-established city under United States sovereignty. San Juan was founded by Spanish colonists in 1521, who called it Ciudad de Puerto Rico ("City of Puerto Rico", Spanish for rich port city). As of the 2010 census, it is the 46th-largest city under the jurisdiction of the United States, with a population of 395,326. San Juan ( / ˌ s æ n ˈ hw ɑː n/, Spanish: "Saint John") is the capital city and most-populous municipality in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States. It is the cultural, tourism and financial center of the country.
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Located in the north-eastern coast of the island country is, San Juan – the capital, the largest city and the most populous municipality of Puerto Rico. The municipalities are further subdivided into barrios. In alphabetical order, the municipalities are: Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa and Yauco. There are 78 municipalities (municipios, singular – municipio), which are the 2 nd order administrative divisions in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico (officially, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico) has no first- order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government. The Puerto Rico Trench, some 70 miles directly to the north, is the largest and the deepest trench in the Atlantic Ocean at 8,400m (27,600ft).
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Rocky cliffs stretch across parts of the northern coastline, and in the north, Puerto Rico's so called (karst region) contains small caves, caverns, rainforests, sinkholes, waterfalls and underground rivers.Ī dozen (rather small) man-made lakes are scattered about, and more than 50 rivers drain the island. The coastal areas, north and south are mostly lowlands, fronted by hundreds of miles of sandy beaches. As observed on the physical map of Puerto Rico above, the most significant mountain range “Cordillera Central” contains Puerto Rico's highest point, Cerro de Punta at 1,339m ( 4,393 ft). Volcanic in origin, the big rectangular shaped island is mountainous through its heart.
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The territory consists of the main island, and a series of smaller islands, mostly off it’s eastern coastline.
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The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico is an unincorporated island territory of the United States of America, located in north-eastern Caribbean Sea.